- Visuals - Television is a visual medium. The programme needs to be visually stimulating and maintain the audience's interest.
- Archive Material - Would include stock footage, e.g. street scenes, open countryside etc... There could also be historical footage, extracts from other TV programmes, TV, film, radio, newspaper front pages etc..
- Interviews - The most important aspect of a documentary. They can be held anywhere, but the mise-en-scene is important in relating to the interview to the topic/issue.
- Vox Pops - (vox populis) The voice of the people. Ask one question to lots of people then choose the most interesting/entertaining answers to use in the programme. It can get a good cross section of the audience. (reflects the audience).
- Voiceover - Can affect or alter meaning. It anchors the meaning of the visuals. Acts as glue, holding the narrative together.
Media Theories:
- Gatekeeping - is the selection and rejection of information for inclusion in the text.
- Construction of Reality - by editing and gatekeeping media producers construct and artificial picture of reality.
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